Conclusion

Conclusion - Completed jigsaw

Having worked through this module you will have learned:

  • The effects that a stroke may have on a person’s bladder and bowel
  • The interrelationship between bladder and bowel function in people who have experienced stroke
  • How to assess bladder function and identify different types of post stroke urinary dysfunction.
  • How to assess bowel function and identify the type and cause of difficulties experienced following stroke.
  • How to develop and implement evidence based management plans appropriate to the identified bladder and/or bowel problem that promote the recovery of function and return of continence.

The 4 patient scenarios / cases have covered the following 4 continence dysfunctions:

  • Urgency urinary incontinence
  • Incomplete emptying
  • Faecal impaction with overflow diarrhoea
  • Functional incontinence

Key Messages

  • Remember a full assessment gives the full picture – some symptoms in isolation can lead to inappropriate treatment
  • Careful consideration of bladder and bowel rehabilitation is essential to provide safe and effective practice and avoid any potential for harm
  • Perseverance is the key – get the patient involved in the bladder and bowel rehabilitation plan
  • Ensure the patient and their family are aware of information that promotes a healthy bladder

Outcome

A picture of Annie Johnson outside a houseFour glasses of water and a cup of tea

  • Intermittent catheterisation was performed 2 times daily for 2 days, and then stopped.
  • The post void residual urine reduced to 50ml, which caused Annie no problems.
  • Annie replaced most of her coffee intake with water, reducing the amount of coffee consumed to one cup per day
  • She was discharged without the use of any product as she was continent.

Treatments

Q. Drag the appropriate treatment options for Annie from the list opposite to the box below.

Bowel history

Mrs Johnson has been having daily soft formed stools (4 on the Bristol Stool Chart).

 

Bristol Stool Chart
Select the image above for a larger version of the stool chart.

Urinalysis

This showed no abnormalities – all measurements were within the normal limits.

Bladderscan

The post-void bladder scan showed a residual urine volume of 200ml. When repeated the following day it was 225ml and the day after 215ml.